Prevention, diagnosis and treatment for the new coronavirus, the causative agent of COVID-۱۹

Background and Aim : The unprecedented outbreak of new coronavirus in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, occurred in December ۲۰۱۹. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) named the virus SARS-CoV-۲ because of its similarity to the SARS virus, and the World Health Organization named the disease caused by this virus, COVID-۱۹. The virus is composed of positive sense single-stranded RNA surrounded by capsid proteins and a membrane. Large number of infected individuals exposed to live animals (bats, snakes, marmots, and pangolins) in Wuhan, China, suggested that these animals may be the source of the COVID-۱۹. Extensive measures have been taken to reduce the person-to-person transmission of COVID-۱۹ to control the current outbreak. Special care should be taken to protect or reduce transmission in vulnerable populations, including children, health care providers, and the elderly. The virus can have irreversible effects on human health and cause serious damage to various organs of the body, including the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, heart and brain.Methods : In this review study, the ways of transmission and prevention of the new coronavirus and diagnostic methods including PCR test and antibody test and the latest research in the field of treatment and results of using drugs have been discussed.Results : The results revealed that different drugs such as ibuprofen, chloroquine, Viral protease and RNA polymerase inhibitors and plasma therapy had positive effect in recovery of patients. Hopeful results was obtained to design effective vaccine especially RNA vaccine.Conclusion : Several strategy must be used for eradication of COVID-۱۹. Prevention by social distancing, using face mask and herd immunity by vaccination, rapid diagnosis of patients and treatment by effective drugs such as RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) could help us to control and eradicate COVID-۱۹

کلیدواژه ها:

Coronavirus ، SARS-CoV-۲ ، COVID-۱۹