The COVID-۱۹ and Immune Response

Background and Aim : In December ۲۰۱۹, an outbreak of COVID-۱۹, an acute respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus, was detected in China. Every day near ۱۰۰۰۰۰ people infected with COVID-۱۹. So in this systemic review, we explain the immune response of COVID-۱۹ to find the best treatment for patients.Methods : We use data that were collected by performing searches using a specified set of PubMed Central (PMC) and search engines: MEDLINE and Science Direct. Data were extracted directly from full-length articles.Results : COVID-۱۹ can evade from an immune response by distracting the way of IFN-I and cytotoxic T cell production. Afterward immune cells produce more IFN-I to compensate. Therefore, a cytokine storm that can cause tissue damage occurs. Also, T cells lose their function during exposure to the virus and lose the ability to produce molecules such as Perforin and Granzyme, which play an important role in killing cells. These T cells express a molecule on their surface called PDL-۱, which is increases in people with COVID-۱۹, especially those in need of intensive care.Conclusion : Studies have shown that neutrophilia and lymphopenia are directly related to the severity of the COVID-۱۹ disease. The cause of lymphopenia in these patients is unknown. Since there is no COVID-۱۹ receptor to enter the cell at the lymphocyte surface, It can be concluded that the cause of lymphopenia is not due to direct infection of virus and can be attributed to increased cytokine levels during inflammation.

کلیدواژه ها:

SARS-CoV-۲ ، COVID-۱۹ ، immune response