The role of magnesium sulfate on PPAR-γ and NFKB genes expression in muscle to improve hyperglycemia in STZ-induced diabetic rat

Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of magnesium (Mg۲+) on stimulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and inhibition of nuclear factor-KB (NFKB) in muscle to improve glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle.Methods: Male wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (۱۰ in each group): non-diabetic control (NDC), Mg۲+-treated non-diabetic control (Mg۲+-NDC), chronic diabetic (CD), Mg۲+-treated chronic diabetic (Mg۲+-CD), and insulin-treated chronic diabetic (Ins-CD). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The Mg۲+-CD and Mg۲+-NDC groups received ۱۰ g/l of magnesium sulfate (MgSO۴) added to drinking water and Ins-CD group received ۲.۵ U/kg of insulin. The blood glucose level and body weight were measured every week for ۴ month. The expression of PPAR-γ and NFKB (p۶۵) genes and proteins in gastrocnemius muscle were detected by Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively.Results: Diabetes increased NFKB gene and protein expression. Although Mg۲+ therapy could not decrease NFKB gene expression, the protein decreased by Mg۲+ therapy. Insulin decreased NFKB gene and protein expression, without any effect on PPAR-? gene and protein expression. Moreover,PPAR-? gene and protein expression as well as blood glucose levels were decreased by administration of magnesium.Conclusion: Magnesium plays a key role in suppressing NFKB protein synthesis and increases in PPAR-γ gene and protein expression. However, decreasing in NFKB (p۶۵) gene and protein expression help insulin to decrease blood glucose level.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes ، magnesium ، insulin ، PPAR-γ ، NFKB (p۶۵)