Comparison of the Cytotoxicity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Saffron (Crocus sativus L) with Paclitaxel as a Chemotherapy Drug in Breast Cancer Cell Line (۴T۱)

Background and Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Saffron is one of the most well-known plants as an antioxidant and anticancer. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of saffron on the viability of breast cancer cells and simultaneous interaction effect of Paclitaxel drug. Materials and Methods: In this study, saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) was prepared by Soxhlet method. Breast cancer cells (۴T۱) were prepared from the Pasteur cell bank then passaged several times until the required number of cells obtained. Cytotoxicity of Paclitaxel and the extracts of saffron were assessed separately and simultaneously using colorimetric MTT assay and trypan Blue test with certain concentrations of drug and extracts in the treatment period of ۴۸ and ۷۲ h. Then, the rate of apoptogenic changes in each compound was evaluated by Hoechst and PI methods. 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Keywords: Breast cancer ، Paclitaxel ، Saffron