Selecting High Zinc-efficient and Assessment of Zinc Stress Tolerance of the Wheat Durum Genotypes

At percent, Zn stress tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy for plant breeding. In this study, thirty-five durum wheat genotypes with different growth habits were evaluated under normal (non-stress) and Zn deficient stress during the ۲۰۱۴-۱۵ cropping season. A total of ten Zn stress tolerance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), relative zinc-deficient index (RDI), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), zinc-deficient resistance index (DI), abiotic tolerance index (ATI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI), sensitive zinc-deficient index (SDI), and modified stress tolerance index (MSTI; K۱STI and K۲STI) were estimated. Results showed the significant influences of Zn stress on grain yield, as well as significant differences among genotypes for grain yield and the indices. The genotype G۳۳ produced the highest grain yield under normal conditions by ۰.۸۵۴ g plant-۱ while genotype G۳۲ had the highest yield by ۰.۶۸۶ g plant-۱ under Zn stress conditions. The genotypes G۶, G۱۳, G۲۳, and G۳۲ had less grain yield fluctuation, and G۱, G۲۱, and G۲۹ genotypes had high grain yield fluctuation in two conditions. Cluster analysis showed that the genotypes, based on indices tended to four groups: tolerant, semi-tolerant, semi-sensitive, and sensitive genotypes, including ۱۰, ۱۷, ۷, and ۱ wheat genotypes, respectively. Grain yield was strongly positively correlated with STI, YI, DI, K۱STI, and K۲STI under two conditions, while negatively correlated grain yield with SSPI and SDI in Zn deficit stress condition, respectively. Using STI, YI, DI, K۱STI, and K۲STI, the genotypes G۳۲, G۳۳, and G۱۹ were found to be the best genotypes with relatively high yield and suitable for both normal and Zn deficits stressed conditions. Therefore, they may be recommended to cultivate in Zn deficit prone regions of the world and also can be used in wheat breeding programs aimed at improving Zn stress tolerance.

کلیدواژه ها:

Stress tolerance index ، Durum wheat ، Grain yield ، Zinc efficiency ، Genetic diversity