Investigation the Risk factors of Lung Cancer in Iran

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In Iran, LC is one of the five leading tumors and its incidence has been increasing steadily in both men and women. On the other hand, Several risk factors have been linked to LC which makes it difficult to diagnose and prevent it. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of lung cancer in Iran.Method: A review from 2000 to 2020 was conducted using multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, web of science, and SID) and using keywords of risk factor; lung cancer; and Iran to identify related studies regarding the research question.Findings: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria in this study. According to the results of these articles, genotypes, HPV infection, pollution in urban areas, Occupational exposures, old age, bread, rice, beef, liver, dairy products, vegetable ghee, and animal ghee found to be possible risk factors for the development of LC in Iran. There are different opinions about smoking, but most studies emphasized the negative effect on developing LC. Also, it seems that vegetables, fruits, and sunflower oil could be protective factors.Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that there are several risk factors for LC which can be prevented by controlling infections, modifying nutrition, and not utilizing smoking. It is recommended that according to the paucity of data from Iran on risk factors for lung cancer, further investigations should be necessary to establish.

کلیدواژه ها:

lung cancer ، risk factor ، Iran