Oral mucosal mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Oral mucosal tissue is developmentally surrounded by the jawbone and masseter tissues from the neural crest-origin pharyngeal arches, and it also originates from the embryonic neural crest. Several recent studies have reported that oral mucosa-derived stem cells contain neural crest-origin cells that potentially differentiate into neurons.Description: In the context of this overview, 16 articles were used between the years 2010 through the end of 2018 using the Keywords of PubMed, Google scholar search engines.Discussion and conclusion: Many studies reported that neural crest and neural markers were expressed in hOMFs, which might contain both MSCs and neural crest-origin cells. Researchers reported that hOMFs are a more suitable alternative to 3T3 feeder cells than human limbal fibroblasts in the production of epithelial sheets. For clinical use, we are required to supply stable and well-characterized epithelial sheets and information on the preparation of the feeder cells. Feeder cells exhibit different characteristics based on their tissue of isolation, harvest site and the individual donors. Factors important for ocular surface reconstruction include low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75, an early neural crest-related factor and receptor of NGF, brain-derived neurotropic factor and neurotrophin-3/4/5, expressed in human corneal epithelium, oral mucosa epithelium, skin and neurons as regulatory factors that mediate cell survival, differentiation, proliferation and plasticity. Recent studies have reported that the limbal stem/progenitor cells were preserved by culture conditions combining EGF and NGF, and human limbal epithelial cells on amniotic membranes were expanded through NGF signaling. In many studies, researchers isolated and cultured hOMFs containing neural crest-origin cells, and demonstrated their ability to differentiate into both mesenchymal and neural cell lineages, including corneal keratocytes, and their utility as a substitute for xenobiotic 3T3 feeder cells in corneal or oral mucosal-stratified epithelial cell sheets. By identifying the characteristics and abilities of hOMFs containing neural crest-derived cells, we anticipate their use as a new autologous cell source in refractory diseases of neural crest-derived tissues such as ocular surfaces.

کلیدواژه ها:

Mesenchymal ، Stemcells ، Oral Mucosal