Cell-free DNA: Fast tool for diagnosis

Introduction: Diagnosis is the most important step in different diseases, especially in cancers. Recently, there are different methods in order to better diagnosis of diseases, but many of them are invasive and also, some of them are not useful for immediate diagnosis. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is one of the non-invasive prognostic biomarkers in different diseases such as solid tumors. In fact, amounts of cfDNA in serum or plasma can be used for diagnosis.Description: In this study review, we have used 100 articles published from 2015 to 2019 in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science and Update databases. we have considered some cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer to compare the various methods of cfDNA diagnosis.Discussion and conclusion: In HCC patients, the level of serum cfDNA be used as biomarker. Increased amount of cfDNA in HCCs is associated with poor survival. Lung cancer is one of cancers which is diagnosed in advanced stage. Use of cfDNA can be as reliable and faster test than tissue-genotyping for eight guide line recommended biomarker (EGFR mutations, ALK fusions, ROS1 fusions, BRAF V600E mutation, RET fusions, MET amplification and MET exon 14 skipping variants, and ERBB2 (HER2) mutations ( . There are several way to diagnosis of breast cancer contain: cancer antigen 15-3, gene alternations, changes in DNA methylation and cfDNA which has high concentration in blood of patients so has potential to be a good diagnosis tool. Among of them concentration of cfDNA in blood of BC patients is very sensitive and informative. There are different methods for diagnosis of these malignancies. Recently, measurement of circulating cell free DNA (cfDNA) in serum or plasma is used as a new diagnostic tool in different diseases such as cancers, sepsis, trauma, etc.