Characterization and Development of Skin Allograft Scaffolds as a Biological Dermal Substitute for Wound Healing

Introduction & Objectives: Ideally, skin autograft represents a gold standards treatment; however, the biological origin of skin allografts makes an optimal result for massively infected wound and severely burned patients. The acellular dermal matrix contains collagen and elastin, which contribute tensile strength and elasticity. This scaffold performs as mimicking skin extracellular matrix for re-epithelialization, neovascularization, and fibroblast infiltration.Materials & Methods: Acellular dermis matrix (ADM) is derived from donated human skin supplied under the guidelines of the American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB) in GMP cleanroom of Iranian Tissue Product Co. Donor medical history and the results of serological testing were reviewed by the medical director. Epidermal and dermal cells were removed without damage to essential biochemical and structural components by a mild decellularization protocol, and grafts were lyophilized while maintaining the structure and sterilized by gamma irradiation. The morphology and cell attachment of the ADM studied by the Scanning electron microscope (SEM), structure and functional groups characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy. Cytocompatibility, cells viability was evaluated by MTT assay.Results: The SEM image presents the fibrous and porous structure of the matrix after processing and sterilization, and exhibited a good cell attachment. Furthermore, by analyzing the FTIR spectroscopy, the recovered graft protein backbone was confirmed by the presence of characteristic amide I, amide II and amide III peaks of the protein component and mainly collagen. The MTT assay indicated that cells cultured on ADM proliferated well, and the cell viability in 3 days reported 70%, which shows an increase in cell proliferation as increasing culture period.Conclusion: The characterization studies demonstrate the minimum structural and chemical change in properties of ADM after processing which indicates that it is the most appropriate skin substitute based on cell attachment and in vitro cell viability.

کلیدواژه ها:

Acellular dermis matrix ، Allograft ، sterilization ، processing