A Review on Blockchain Technologies: Concepts, Applications, Challenges and the Future Prospect

In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto proposed a decentralized cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, design concept. In 2009, theBitcoin system began to operate, marking the official birth of Bitcoin. From 2010 to 2015, Bitcoin gradually entered thepublic eye. From 2016 to 2018, with the successive public statements of Bitcoin and the increasing uncertainty of themainstream economy in the world, Bitcoin s attention has increased sharply and its demand has rapidly expanded. Infact, Bitcoin is one of the most successful application scenarios of blockchain technology. With the birth of open sourceblockchain platforms such as Ethereum and the implementation of a large number of decentralized applications(DApps), blockchain technology has been applied in more industries [1].Blockchain covers a variety of technologies, and its related concepts are easily confused. Also, it has manyapplication scenarios. So, in this paper we have done a complete survey about blockchain technologies and theirsurrounding concepts and applications. In section 2 we have defined blockchain related concepts by details, in section 3we have investigated the blockchain applications, in section 4 Technical challenges and research prospects ofblockchain have been investigated and finally in section 5 a conclusion have been made.

کلیدواژه ها:

Blockchain ، Decentralization ، Cryptocurrency ، Smart City ، Edge Computing