A Classical Approach to Modified Proportional Navigation Guidance Law

This paper presents a class of modified proportional navigation (PN) based on classical approach for very large heading error. For this purpose, the commanded acceleration is first chosen proportional to the angle of the relative velocity to line-of-sight (LOS). The proportional form can be extended to proportional-integral-derivative (PID) formulation. The proposed modified PN covers all heading angles and in overall produces less miss distance in comparison to True PN (TPN). The miss distance analysis is carried out for linearized geometry. Moreover, the modified guidance law is reformulated due to the effect of seeker noise.