بررسی فناوری های VR و AR و کاربرد های نظامی آن ها

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VR مخفف کلمهVirtual Reality به معنی واقعیت مجازی و AR مخفف کلمه Augmented Reality به معنی واقعیت افزوده است. بین این دو، واقعیت مجازی جذاب تر و محبوبتر است، چرا که با استفاده از یک هدست کامل کاربر را در دنیایی مجازی و کاملا متفاوت از دنیای واقعی قرار می دهد. از سوی دیگر، واقعیت افزوده عناصر مجازی را با عناصر واقعی و فیزیکی با استفاده از یک دوربین مثل دوربین گوشی هوشمند یا تبلت، ترکیب می کند و باعث می شود تا اشیاء مجازی در اطراف کاربر قرار گیرند. این دو فناوری با وجود معدود شباهت هایی که دارند کاملا با هم متفاوت و اهداف جداگانه ای را دنبال می کنند. از دستگاه های واقعیت مجازی می توان برای تماشای فیلم در یک سینمای خصوصی، انجام جلسات از راه دور و برقراری ارتباط در یک محیط شخصی مجازی استفاده کرد، این فناوری همچنین می تواند در آموزش های شغلی یا یادگیری بکار گرفته شود. واقعیت افزوده نیز دارای مزایای منحصر به فرد خودش است، از این فناوری می توان برای مشاهده اطلاعات در مورد محیط اطراف با همپوشانی آن در زمان واقعی و یا برای ایجاد تغییرات مجازی در واقعیت فیزیکی استفاده کرد. AR در حوزه های زیادی از جمله آموزش شغلی و یادگیری، پزشکی، بازاریابی و ... کاربرد دارد. حوزه های بسیار زیاد و متنوعی وجود دارد که می توان از این فناوری ها در آن ها بهره برد، از جمله حوزه نظامی، که یکی از مهمترین، پرکاربردترین و حساس ترین حوزه های قابل اشاره است. از بین کشورهای پیشرو در بعد نظامی این فناوری ها، آمریکا پیشرفت‎های قابل توجه ای داشته و بصورت هدفمند دنبال سرمایه گذاری و مجازی سازی ارتش خود است. در ایران نیز علیرغم اقداماتی که در سال های اخیر در حوزه های دیگر صورت گرفته، در حوزه نظامی به نظر می رسد هنوز بطور جدی و موثر ورود نشده است، بنابراین بعد نظامی این فناوری ها می تواند یکی از حوزه های جدید و مهمی باشد که نیروهای مسلح ایران برای ارتقاء سطح عملکرد و توانمندی نیروی انسانی خود از آن در بخش ها و حوزه های مختلف همچون آموزش، پزشکی، شبیه سازی، ورزشی و ... حداکثر بهره برداری را به عمل آورد. ورود موثر در این حوزه مستلزم انجام نیازسنجی، برنامه ریزی دقیق، هدفگذاری و سپس تعریف پروژه های تحقیقاتی و عملیاتی می باشد، که در این عرصه دانشگاه‎ها و مراکز تحقیقاتی ارتش می توانند بسیار موثر و نقش آفرین باشند.

نویسندگان

منصور سلیمی

کارشناس ارشد مخابرات سیستم، دانشگاه علوم و فنون هوایی شهید ستاری، تهران، ایران

محمود دی پیر

دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی رایانه و سایبر، دانشگاه علوم و فنون هوایی شهید ستاری، تهران، ایران

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