اثر پلاسمای تخلیه سد دی الکتریک بر روی رشد و جوانه زنی دانه

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پلاسما گاز یونیزه شده ای متشکل از یون ها، الکترون ها، اتم های خنثی، رادیکال ها و گونه های فعال است که عنوان چهارمین حالت ماده را به خود اختصاص داده است. امروزه تکنولوژی پلاسمای سرد می تواند برای پیش تیمار دانه ها، جایگزین بسیاری از کودها و ترکیبات شیمیایی گران قیمت و مضر برای محیط زیست و سلامت انسان شود. بنابراین منظور، ارزیابی تاثیر پلاسمای تخلیه سددی الکتریک با دو پیکربندی مختلف، بر شاخص های جوانه زنی و صفات مورفولوژی دانه گندم و نخود، به دو روش پیش تیمار مستقیم دانه PAS و غیرمستقیم با آب فعال شده PAW مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در هر دو روش از گاز کاری هوا به علت در دسترس بودن برای تیمار استفاده شد. دانه گندم و نخود و آب لوله کشی شهری به ترتیب به مدت 3 و 5 و 10دقیقه در معرض تخلیه پلاسما قرار گرفتند. همچنین برای تولید PAW از متداول ترین تخلیه پلاسما که تخلیه روی سطح آب است استفاده شد. زیرا غلظت بالایی از RONS با عمر طولانی را از فاز گاز به فاز مایع منتقل می کند. سپس تست جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه های گندم و نخود به صورت آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه ای بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار دانه با PAS و PAW سرعت جوانه زنی را در کشت آزمایشگاهی به ترتیب 10% و 9% برای گندم، و 15% و 19% برای نخود، و در کشت گلخانه ای به ترتیب 9% و 8% برای گندم، و 20% و 18% برای نخود نسبت به نمونه شاهد افزایش داد. همچنین تاثیر قابل توجهی بر افزایش رشد صفات مورفولوژی گیاهچه های هر دو دانه نسبت به نمونه شاهد داشت. نتایج حاصل از آنالیز PAW با کروماتوگرافی یونی افزایش نیترات و نیتریت و کاهش PH آب را به دنبال داشت. از طرفی تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی و زاویه تماس نشان داد که مکانیسم اثر پلاسمای تخلیه سددی الکتریک اکسیداسیون و اچینگ شیمیایی سطح دانه است که با ایجاد ترک و فرسایش بر روی پوسته مومی دانه، سطحی آبدوست تشکیل می دهد و موجب جذب سریع تر آب و به دنبال آن افزایش جوانه زنی و افزایش رشد گیاهچه ها می شود.

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نویسندگان

نوشین صمدی

دانشجوی دانشگاه صنعتی سهند

اسلام قره شعبانی

عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه صنعتی سهند

غلامرضا فروتن

عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه صنعتی سهند

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