Social, Cultural and Economic determinants of HIV/AIDS: A community case report of Bhutan

  • سال انتشار: 1399
  • محل انتشار: مجله عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت، دوره: 6، شماره: 1
  • کد COI اختصاصی: JR_JSDI-6-1_003
  • زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
  • تعداد مشاهده: 129
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نویسندگان

Lekey Khandu

Lekey Khandu*, National HIV, AIDS and STIs Control Program, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Royal Government of Bhutan

Tashi Tobgay

Tashi Tobgay, Institute of Health Partners, Thimphu, Bhutan

Willi McFarland

Willi McFarland, University of California, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, United States

چکیده

Background: Bhutan has a low-level HIV epidemic, with sporadic cases across the whole population. Our society is witnessing momentous social and cultural changes coinciding with the arc of the HIV pandemic. Therefore, this paper systematically assesses socio cultural determinants of HIV in Bhutan for appropriate responses to end the AIDS epidemic by ۲۰۳۰.Methods: We reviewed the literature relevant to HIV in Bhutan using appropriate search engines. We adapted Dahlgren and Whitehead’s model of social health determinants in the population as a conceptual framework.Results: Young age played the salient role between rapid sociocultural changes and HIV in Bhutan. Most teens are sexually active, has relaxed sexual norms, low condom use, and has multiple sexual partners. Gender identity and sexual orientation are increasingly fluid among transgender and gay/bisexual men. Worksites with migrants and entertainment venues are nexuses for sexual networking resulting in transactional/sex work.Conclusion: Our findings suggest a high potential for a shift from diffuse cases of HIV to more concentrated HIV epidemic. HIV responses need to be tailored specifically for key populations instead of the current generalized approach. We recommend community-based HIV Self Testing and social support to overcome the structural barriers to enhance case diagnosis.

کلیدواژه ها

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Sex Work; Transgender Persons; Sexual Behavior; Bhutan

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