Therapeutic effects of diosgenin on alveolar bone loss and apoptosis in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis

Objective(s): The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of administered diosgenin (DG) which has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and apoptosis in diabetic rats with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats (n=۴۰) were divided into five subgroups; control (non-ligated), periodontitis (P), diabetes mellitus (DM), P+DM, and P+DM+DG. To stimulate experimental periodontitis, a ligature was embedded at the gingival margin of the lower first molars for each rat, and diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) for DM groups. Then, DG (۹۶ mg/kg daily) was performed on the P+DM+DG group by oral gavage for ۲۹ days. At day ۳۰, all animals were euthanized and the distance from the cement-enamel junction to the alveolar bone margin was measured using cone-beam computed tomography as ABL. In addition, immunohistochemical analyses were used to evaluate the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), bone morphogenetic protein ۲ (BMP-۲), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), collagen type I (Col-۱), B-cell lymphoma-۲ (Bcl-۲), and Bcl-۲-associated X protein (Bax). Results: Induction of periodontitis and diabetes significantly increased ABL (P<۰.۰۵). DG administration significantly reduced ABL, expression of RANKL and Bax, and enhanced the expression of ALP, OCN, BMP-۲, Bcl-۲, and Col-۱ in the P+DM+DG group compared with the P+DM group (P<۰.۰۵). Conclusion: It is revealed that DG considerably enhanced bone formation and contributed to periodontal healing in this experimental study performed in diabetic rats.

کلیدواژه ها:

alveolar bone loss ، Anti-oxidant ، Diabetes Mellitus ، Experimental ، Periodontitis ، Therapeutics