Abed Ghavami - Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Hamed Mohammadi - Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani - Student Research Committee, school of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Shima Sharifi - Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Introduction: Existing evidence on the possible effects of pro-/synbiotics on overweight or obese children and adolescents has not been fully established. Therefore, the present review was undertaken to evaluate the overall effects of pro-/synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indices and metabolic indices in overweight or obese children and adolescents.Methods: A systematic computerized literature search of PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of science and Google Scholar databases was conducted up to November 2018. All RCTs using pro-/synbiotics supplements in overweight or obese children and adolescents included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.Results: Overall 9 randomized trials including 410 subjects were identified for the present meta-analysis. Pooled analysis did not illustrate any significant changes in BMI z-score, waist circumference, weight, body fat, fasting blood sugar and lipid profiles (triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol) after supplementation with pro-/synbiotics for 4–16 weeks. However, subgroup analysis by intervention type revealed a significant reduction of BMI z-score in synbiotic subgroups.Conclusion: Based on our findings, modulation of gut microbiota composition through pro-/ synbiotic supplements did not have favorable effects to manage overweight or obese children and adolescents. Further largescale studies are warranted to confirm present findings.

Synbiotic, Probiotic, Obesity, Children, Meta-analysis