Innovations in salmonella detection

Salmonella is a major food-borne pathogen and a diverse genus. The majority of salmonella cause gastroenteritis. Infection typically occurs after the ingestion of contaminated food or water. It is estimated 95% of salmonella infections are due to consumption of contaminated foodstuffs. Rapid detection and identification of this food-borne and zoonoses pathogen is key to be safe in the food supply. Culture as a gold standard is not suitable for foodstuffs so this traditional detection besides molecular biology improved the speed of detection. The methods for this purpose divided in two categories, culture dependent and culture-independent approaches. These methods include PFGE, Traditional serology, Phage-typing, PCR/qPCR, MALDI-TOF MS, LC-MS, WGS and Metagenomics. PFGE use for subtype and 1-3 days need to complete process, Traditional serology use for serotype and need non-motile strain and up to 3 days need, Phage-typing use for serotype and can detect salmonella typhi, salmonella paratyphiA, salmonella typhimurium, salmonella enteritidis, also 1-2 days need to perform, PCR/qPCR use for genus to serotype but it depend on primers and 4-6 hours complete the process, MALDI-TOF MS use for species and in less than 5 minutes you can reach the result, LC-MS use for serotype to sub serotype level and in less than 1 day you can reach the result, WGS use for detection of strain and it depend on analysis time and 3-4 days is enough to get the result, Metagenomics use for detection of genus to strain and it depend on analysis time and 3-4 days is enough to achieve the result. In conclusion it is important to know that not every method will be recommended or even suitable for every specimen. Also use of these methods depend on sensitivity, specificity, matrix driven effect, technical complexity, user skill, technical process, cost of equipment and cost of per sample.

کلیدواژه ها:

Salmonella ، food-borne ، detection ، identification