The Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosome on Wound Healing and Tissue Repair

In wound healing and tissue regeneration, coordination of many factors such as migration, proliferation, differentiation, cell growth and apoptosis regulation in the damaged tissue cells is essential. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and exosomes derived from these cells markedly enhance the damaged tissue repair. Umbilical cord is one of the most suitable and available sources of MSCs because of its stronger capacity to differentiation, low infections transmission risk (especially cytomegalovirus) and no need for high compatibility of human leukocyte antigens between donor and recipient. Exosomes have different factors such as growth factors, cytokines, signaling lipids, regulatory miRNAs and mRNAs that can play a role in damaged tissues repair. In recent years, the use of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome (HUCMSC-EXO) has attracted much attention for the treatment of various diseases including liver, kidney, cardiovascular, Alzheimer’s disease, and nerve and spinal cord injury. Studies have shown that HUCMSC-EXO influences Wnt/βcatenin and 14-3-3ζ/YAP signaling pathways affecting cell proliferation and migration, apoptosis regulation and inflammation reduction causing increased re-epithelialization, damaged skin tissue repair, and cutaneous regeneration. Therefore, HUCMSC-EXO can be considered as a new cell-free therapeutic and a good source for wound healing and nerve tissue repair without tumorigenicity and immunogenicity concerns.

کلیدواژه ها:

Umbilical cord Mesenchymal stem cells ، Exosome ، Wound healing ، Tissue repair ، Regenerative medicine