Samaneh Bagheri - kashan university
Mahmoud Salami - kashan university

Background and Aim : Repeated seizure attacks lead to extensive neuronal damage and cognitive impairment such as memory loss and learning. Probiotics have been shown to reduce the frequency of seizures, resulting in extensive neuronal damage, and cognitive impairment such as memory loss and learning. Probiotics have reduced serum nitric oxide levels and improved memory and space learning The present study was designed to investigate the effect of probiotics on learning, memory and the antioxidant nitric oxide in epileptic rats.Methods : In this experimental study, 40 male rats were randomly divided into five groups: control; kindeled by penthylenetetrazole (PTZ); kindeled and valproic acid administered (VPA); kindeled after probiotic treated (probiotic + PTZ), kindeled before probiotic treatment (PTZ + Probiotic). The animals were treated by a mixture of probiotic bacteria for 4 weeks. Chemical kindling was induced by intraperitoneal injection (35 mg / kg) of PTZ every 48 hours for 24 days. The learning and spatial memory were evaluated by Morris water maze. The serum nitric oxide was assayed by Miranda method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD post-test.Results : No variation was evident between the Control and PTZ group, in terms of memory, learning and serum levels of nitric oxide. Compared to the vehicle treated animals the probiotic supplemented groups improved the learning process (P<0.001) and spatial memory (P<0.05) in epileptic rats. The intervention also reduced serum nitric oxide levels (P<0.05).Conclusion : Probiotic supplementation reduces the level of nitric oxide and improves the learning and memory process. Possible relationship between oxidative stressors and behavioral behavior needs to be further investigated.

probiotics, spatial memory, chemical kindling, rat