Fatemeh Naghshafkan - MSc in Environmental geology, Department of Geology, Urmia University
Hossein Pirkharati - Associate Professor of Department of Geology, Urmia University, and member of sediment processing group of Urmia Lake Revival Chief
Khalil Farhadi - Professor of the Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University
Nooshin Soltanalinejad - Master of Soil Science
Fatemeh Mehriyari - MSc in Environmental geology, Department of Geology, Urmia University

Mud volcanoes are natural phenomena that appear in the shape of a dome or conical ponds on the surface of the earth. The mud volcanoes chemical composition provides somewhat valuable information on how to form and combine its underlying layers.In the present study, we examined the mud volcanoes composition in the western part of the Lake Urmia in the northwest of Iran. Physical and chemical properties such as acidity and alkalinity, electrical conductivity, organic matter and calcium carbonate content, mud volcanoes texture and total amount of element component of mud volcano were measured in both wet and dry condition.Data analysis showed that the high percentage of calcium carbonate, the alkalinity of the environment and the presence of organic matter produced carbon dioxide gas in the underlying layers, and the penetration of superficial water causes fine particles to be macerated, with a decrease in surface pressure, this carbon-dioxide-containing paste material goes to Earth.Measuring the mud volcanoes composition in wet condition is much more reasonable and closer to reality, because the natural chemical effects of the elements are in the upper case. Understanding the amount of trace elements in wet mud volcanoes sediment can take into account the use of pharmaceuticals and therapies. Specific features of the region and the mud volcano phenomenon are considered as an important factor in the economic and health geotourism phenomenon.

mud volcano, geochemistry, Urmia Lake, wet and dry sampls