Neural mechanisms underlying morphine withdrawal in addicted patients: a review

  • سال انتشار: 1394
  • محل انتشار: مجله پزشکی بالینی، دوره: 2، شماره: 3
  • کد COI اختصاصی: JR_RCM-2-3_010
  • زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
  • تعداد مشاهده: 520
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نویسندگان

Nima Babhadiashar

Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Golnaz Vaseghi

Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei

Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran

Sasan Andalib

Neurosciences Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده

Morphine is one of the most potent alkaloid in opium, which has substantial medical uses and needs and it is the first active principle purified from herbal source. Morphine has commonly been used for relief of moderate to severe pain as it acts directly on the central nervous system; nonetheless, its chronic abuse increases tolerance and physical dependence, which is commonly known as opiate addiction. Morphine withdrawal syndrome is physiological and behavioral symptoms that stem from prolonged exposure to morphine. A majority of brain regions are hypofunctional over prolonged abstinence and acute morphine withdrawal. Furthermore, several neural mechanisms are likely to contribute to morphine withdrawal. The present review summarizes the literature pertaining to neural mechanisms underlying morphine withdrawal. Despite the fact that morphine withdrawal is a complex process, it is suggested that neural mechanisms play key roles in morphine withdrawal.

کلیدواژه ها

Morphine dependence, Morphine withdrawal, Morphine withdrawal syndrome, Neural mechanisms

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