SH Danaeinezhad - Department of Molcular Genetics, Islamic Azad Tehran Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
S Babashah - Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Scienc-es, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
H Fahimi - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Tech-nology, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran

Background: Neurogenesis function is a limited process, so diseases associated with neurodegenerative diseases are a ma-jor problem. Replacing nerve cells instead of destroying cells to treat these diseases is a worthwhile solution. Therefore, the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells can be a rea-sonable way to achieve this goal. EXOSOMES are nanovesi-cles of endocytic origin that have important role in extracellu-lar communication and potential usage for tissue regeneration. Exosomes have the potential to carry and deliver MicroRNAs. Materials and Methods: In this study, firstly embryonic car-cinoma cells with retinoic acid and cocktail differentiated into neuronal cells and their differentiation was confirmed by Con-trast phase microscopy images. The peripheral environment of embryonic carcinoma cells was collected for the isolation of exosomes and exosomal isolation was performed using dif-ferential centrifugation and ExoQuick, exosome precipitation solution protocol. Exosomes were identified by an electron microscope and confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Mesenchymal stem cells were treated with NT2-derived ex-osomes. Finally, mesenchymal stem cells changed morphology and then followed the process of apparent bipolar and multipole differentiation. Immunocytochemistry and real time PCR tech-niques were used to evaluate the expression of neuronal mark-ers.Results and Conclusion: This study was the first evidence of the finding that exosomal microvesicle cells, secreted from neu-ronal differentiation cells, can induce neural differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells.

Microvesicles, Exosomes, Stem Cells, Embryonic Carcinoma Cells, Neural Differentiation