Doped Carbon Nanostructures; Synthesis by Chemical Vapor Deposition and Their Applications as Sensor, Catalyst and Adsorbent

Doped carbon nanostructures (CNTs, graphenes, carbon fibers and fullerenes), have been attracteda worldwide interest as novel nanostructures [1]. Several methods such as spray pyrolysis,laser deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and hydrothermal have been employedto produce these materials. These materials could be used in electronic devices [2],supercapacitors, electrochemical catalysts, lithium ion batteries, Sensor and as the catalyst forchemical reactions [3]. However, many aspects in the synthesis applications of these compounds,especially in the case of doped materials, are unknown and needs to be investigated.Therefore, during the last 5 years, we have focused to develop efficient and economic methodsfor the synthesis of simple and doped carbon nanostructures. Moreover, some studieshave been performed about the application of these compounds as catalyst in chemical andelectrochemical reaction, adsorbent and sensors. It should be considered that because of thehigh surface/mass ratio of these compounds, they could be suitable nanocatalysts in varioustransformations. Meanwhile, they can be used as efficient sensors for different molecules suchas toxic gases, pollutants and drugs. It is noticeable that when the nanostructures doped withheteroatoms (such as N, B, S and P), their properties will be changed effectively and doping iswell-known as an efficient method to obtain the desired properties for each special application.