F Rezaei - Department of Genetics, Biology Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
M Shafiei - Department of Genetics, Biology Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
H Galehdari - Department of Genetics, Biology Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

Azoospermia is an infertility essential factor in men and present in approximately 15% of infertile men. Azoospermia Factor (AZF) located in the long arm of Y chromosome (Yq11). This locus is separated into three nonoverlapping subregions called AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc. These regions are essential for normal spermatogenesis and microdeletions in these regions are correlated with various alterations in spermatogenesis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence-tagged sites (STS) analysis are using for Y chromosome microdeletions (YCMD) in infertile men. Microdeletions in each of regions cause disorders. AZFa microdeletions cause Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome, (SCOS), AZFb microdeletion is responsible for maturation arrest at meiosis (MA) and AZFc microdeletion are detected in patients with hypospermatogenesis (HP). Infertility is defined as failure that affects about 10-15% of couples worldwide in the half of these cases, male-related factors are responsible, therefore, the major causes of male infertility is azoospermia. YCDM screening for correct diagnosis of male infertility is necessary.

Y chromosome microdeletion, Nonobstructive azoospermia, Infertility