Ashraf Al-Sadat Noei Baghban - Masters Courses/ Al-Mustafa Open University
Mahdi Sazandegi - Research Secretary of the Quranic Studies Department/ Al-Mustafa Open University

In this paper, citing from the Holy Quran, the Testaments and also referring to ‎available sources especially Commentaries (Tafasir), the common and special basis ‎about prophecy and revelation have been determined and considered. In this ‎comparison between the Holy Quran and the Testaments, we reached this conclusion ‎that the holy prophets were mediums to reveal the words of God to this world, but in ‎the old testament, this word (prophet) was also applied to other people and in the new ‎testament, the word prophet applies to the messengers and apostles of Jesus and those ‎who used to receive the God’s message and deliver it to the people.‎  Another point is that the selection of prophet by the God’s providence and will is a ‎common point between the Holy Quran and the Old Testament. The Holy Quran ‎emphasizes on the eternity of prophecy for a prophet but the Old Testament doesn’t ‎accept this issue. Difference between prophets with respect to their degree of grace ‎and perfection is one of the commonalities of the holy Quran and the Testaments. The ‎Holy Quran and the Testaments mention the necessity for people to obey the prophets. ‎Teachings of the prophets are also a common point between the Holy Quran and the ‎Testaments, and likewise monotheism, resurrection and eternal life are also the ‎common points between the Holy Quran and the New Testament.‎ Muslim scholars and the clerics of the Old Testament have common belief in the ‎meaning of miracle. Knowing God as the origin of all the miracles, the Holy Quran and ‎the Testaments refer some of miracles to the prophets provided that this is by the ‎permission of God. The Holy Quran and the Testaments accept the infallibility of ‎prophets in reception and propagation of the revelation. The practical and doctrinal ‎infallibility of prophets are special to the Holy Quran. The Holy Quran and the ‎Testaments describe Hazrat Musa (AS) as Kalim-ul-Allah (the one who speaks to ‎God). He is a prophet who is privileged and prominent because of the abundance in ‎miracles. ‎ From the perspective of the Holy Quran and the Old Testament, revelation is a type of ‎ultra-human awareness and a sacred-heavenly teaching and an occult knowledge and ‎is not a result of internal unveiling or enlightenment of the prophet. Unveiling specific ‎to God in Jesus (AS) is not accepted by the Holy Quran and the Old Testament. The ‎last thing is that the common point of all the divine religions is salvation and liberation ‎of the human being and this job is done through revelation. The Old Testament and the ‎holy Quran insist that the revealed rules and divine laws result in salvation and ‎liberation.‎

Quran؛ Prophet؛ Testaments, Gospel؛ Torah