Application of tissue engineering in experimental fracture healing of radius in rat

IntroductionBone grafting is performed to restore bone that has been lost due to trauma, tumors, osteomyelitis etc... that require replacement. Bone grafts are necessary to provide support, fill voids, and enhance biologic repair of skeletal defects. Different bone grafts have been used in bone healing using. Biologic bone grafts can be divided into the following subtypes: autografts, allografts, xenografts, synthetic materials, and any combination thereof. Xenografts are grafts shared between different species.MethodsWe used cattle, poultry, tortoise; fish bone as xenografts in this study. sixty adolescent, 300 g-weighing, white Sprague–Dawley female rats were used. The animals were anaesthetized with ketamine and xylazine. An osteoperiosteal segmental defect was created on the middle portion of each radius at least twice as long as the diameter of the diaphysis to create a non-union model. The defects were then filled with bioimplants. Lateral radiographs of each forelimb were taken postoperatively on 1, 35 and 56 days to evaluate bone formation. 120 thin sections were cut from the centers of each specimen and were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin; Mechanical bending test was performed on radial healed defect of the both right & left forelimb of five rats in each group by biomechanical testing machine.ResultsIn biomechanical evaluation there were significant difference between the groups. There was a significant difference between the groups in remodeling and bone formation at radiological evaluation. There was a significant difference between groups in union and cancellous bone at histopathological evaluation. In SEM evaluation there was significant different between the groups in graft remand.ConclusionsIn the cases that defect site was left empty the process of healing was longed. The autograft was the golden standard and application of hPRP did not help very much in healing process. There were not significant differences the application of different xenograft bones (fish, turtle, avian and bovine) in bone healing.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bone ، Healing ، Implant ، Xenograft