Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Wounds Caused by Burn

Introduction: Cutaneous injury is one of the most disturbing injuries in burn. Depending on the severity of the injury, the defect is divided into four score. Wound healing is common problem in the treatment of patients with severe burn injuries. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult cells that first isolated from bone marrow and have the ability to differentiate to bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, and fibroblasts.Method: In this review, we collected all original articles (2000-2018) animal studies or human cases that investigated treatment effects of MSCs on skin wound that induced by burn. The electronic databases were PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Researcher indicated that MSCs have potential role in the regulation of all the phases of wound healing including inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.Results: Several studies have reported that MSCs have a significant ability to modulate the immune system, including modifying the function and response of dendritic cells, B and T, and neutrophils. In part, by releasing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and partly through lipid mediators such as prostaglandin E2. MSCs also produces Ag-1, which improves the properties of vascular endothelial barrier. In addition, MSCs include growth factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), growth factor keratinocyte (KGF) and hepatocyte growth factor Secreted with cytoprotective and regenerative properties.Conclusion: Therefore, mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy have good prognosis for tissue repair. It is needed to investigate on molecular pathways involved in therapeutic effect of MSCs.