Pollen morphology of some genus of Amaryllidaceae

The amaryllidaceae is one of the monocotyledon family including approximately 90 genus and 1500 species distributed in spaciously found in most areas of the globe, especially hot areas. Pollen grains of studied species collected from different parts of the world. Pollen grains were investigated by light Microscopy, (14) species,Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (6 sp.) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) (6 sp.). Pollen grains were very large, large, medium size, oblatespheroid and oblate form. The exine surface in Hymenocallis speciosa (L.f. ex Salisb.) Salisb. was macroreticulate and another species were reticulate,striate-foveate and psilate. The outline is as the oblatespheroidal form in polar view and as an elliptical form in equatorial view, and also sulcus reaches the ends of the grains. In addition, these species differ from each other by the surface of membrane sulcus and sulcus margin, by structure and width of muri, size of the lamina, for example, the minimal diameter of lumina of pollen grains in Allium iranicum (Wendelbo) Wendelbo) is 0/08 μm and maximal H. speciosa is 27/69 μm. With the help of TEM it was revealed, that these species differ from each other by thickness of ectexine (thickness of tectum, foot -layer, height and width of columns), by different layers of intine (many microchannels), by the of presence endexine, by shape and diameter of caput, by microrelief of sculptural elements. Therefore, the palynological data provide evidence for the different character of the studied species