Effect of putrescine on somatic embryogenesis via mature embryo in barley

Plant tissue culture through somatic embryogenesis plays a key role in the genetic transformation of barley. The production of embryogenic calli with higher regeneration is a prerequisite for an efficient plant regeneration system. Although immature embryos are the best type of explants for plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis, the use of mature embryos has significant advantages over immature embryos as explants. However, the regeneration capacity of mature embryos is still lower than immature embryos. Plant regeneration from somatic embryos occurs only when they become mature enough. In addition, maturation of somatic embryos and their transformation into plants are highly correlated with plant growth regulators. Polyamines are the main components in the formation of somatic embryos and plant regeneration. In this research, the effect of different concentrations of putrescine on somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of barley were studied. Although the effect of different concentrations of polyamines on embryogenic callus formation did not have a significant effect, its effect on responded embryogenic callus rate and plant regeneration efficiency was highly significant. Increasing the concentration of putrescine increased the rate of regenerated plants. The highest values for responded embryogenic callus and regeneration efficiency were obtained on MS medium containing 1 mM concentration of putrescine.

کلیدواژه ها:

Callus induction ، Plant growth regulators ، Polyamines ، Regeneration