Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Diabetic Wound Healing

Background and Aim: Wound healing, as a complex process, emergesupon any skin injuries/damages. The healing a wound in a short periodof time span with trivial side effects is a challenging issue. Much attentionhas been given to attain supernormal wound healing modality. In thisline, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrowtissue has been investigated. In this work, we aimed at studying thewound healing and stem cells impacts on managing full-thicknesswounds in vivo.Methods: This work was carried out using 54 adult male diabetic Wistarrats weighing 200-250 g and ages of 3-4 months. The rats were dividedinto the control and two experimental groups and on the back of theneck of animals, a square 1.5×1.5 wound was made. The control andexperimental groups were subdivided into three subgroups correspondingto 4, 7, and 14 days of study. MSCs isolated from bone marrow werecultured. While the control group did not receive any treatment, theMSCs were used once on the wound in the first experimental groupand the second experimental group was given 1% phenytoin creamon the wound. Samples taken from the wound and adjacent skin wereexamined using hematoxylin and eosin histological staining. Woundsurface and wound healing were evaluated and data were analyzedusing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test and a p value less than0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The microscopic analyses revealed that the histologicalparameters in wounds bed (i.e., the number of fibroblasts, bloodvessels, neutrophils, and macrophages) in the experimental group weresignificantly different than the control group. The macroscopic andmicroscopic evaluations demonstrated that the percentage of woundhealing in the control and the experimental group significantly varied(P< 0.05) on different days.Conclusion: These results highlight the beneficial potential of MSCs inthe wound healing process, which might be complemented by the effectsof growth factors and ECM produced by the native placenta tissue cells.The use of MSCs in an open wound may quicken the healing process.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetic wound healing ، Open skin wound ، Rat ، Mesenchymal stem cells