Low Magnitude Electromagnetic Field Enhances Bone Cell Proliferation: Implications for 3D Bone Tissue Engineering

Background and Aim: Tissue engineering of three-dimensional (3D)bone constructs is a promising strategy for large bone defect repair.A challenge is to obtain 3D cell-seeded scaffolds with a uniform celldistribution and high cell density. Physical stimulation such as lowmagnitude electromagnetic field (LMEMF) is crucial, that is known toaffect cell proliferation in a specific range (magnitude, frequency). Theeffect of LMEMF on bone cell proliferation is dependent on cell densityis unknown. We compared the effect of LMEMF on G292 bone cellproliferation in low and high cell density.Methods: The G292 osteosarcoma cell line from the Pasteur Cell Bank ofIran (NCBI code: C116, species: human) was used. Cells were cultured inRPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics. Cellswere cultured at 37ºC in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. Thecells were seeded at 1.5×104 cells/cm2 (low cell density) and 3×104 cells/cm2 (high cell density), and cultured for 3 days. Cells were exposed dailyto 8 mT LMEMF for 20 min/d by using a magnetic device manufacturedby the Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering,University of Tehran.Results: In low cell density cultures, LMEMF did not affect cell numberat day 1, but significantly increased G292 bone cell number at day 2 by2.3-fold, and at day 3 by 1.2-fold. In high cell density cultures, LMEMFslightly, but not significantly, increased G292 bone cell number at day 1by 1.1-fold, at day 2 by 1.2-fold, and at day 3 by 1.1-fold.Conclusion: In conclusion, LMEMF more profoundly affects bone cellproliferation in low cell density cultures than in high cell density cultures.These findings could help to better understand the effect of LMEMF onbone growth in vivo and to develop new therapies using LMEMF fortreatment of large bone defects.

کلیدواژه ها:

Low magnitude electromagnetic force ، Bone cell proliferation ، Bone ، Cell density ، Bone tissue engineering