Evaluation of Dose-Dependent Cytotoxic Effects of Graphene Oxide-Iron Oxide Nanocomposite on Caprine Wharton’s Jelly-DerivedMesenchymal Stem Cells

Background and Aim: The experiment was aimed to study the cytotoxiceffects of Graphene oxide-iron oxide nanocomposite on caprineWharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs).Methods: Ex vivo caprine WJ-MSCs were isolated and cultured. Cytotoxiceffects of different concentrations of GO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite were analyzed by observing cellmorphology, cell viability, growth kinetics, population doubling time andcolony forming unit (CFU) assay in caprine WJ-MSCs.Results: Morphological alterations in nanocomposite-treated cells (50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL GO-Fe2O3) were distinct as compared to lower dose and control group. Cell viability assay indicated ahighly significant (P<0.01) decrease in live cell number when they wereexposed to 100 and 50 GO- Fe2O3 nanocomposite andthese effects were intensified with time (24 h & 48 h post-exposure).Retarded growth rate and significant (P<0.01) increase in populationdoubling time (PDT) of exposed cells wereobserved as compared to control group and low dose treatment group(10 μg/mL). Colony forming unit (CFU) assay indicated that cells treatedwith 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL nanocomposite formed a smaller numberof clones than the control group and 10 μg/mL treatment group.Conclusion: On the basis of results, we conclude that lower doses (10μg/mL) of the nanocomposite are safer in caprine WJ-MSCs however with increasing doses of nanocomposite (50 μg/mL & 100 μg/mL) thepotential toxicity increases. The present study reports the tolerable dosesof GO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite which will help in future applications liketracking, imaging, and differentiation of caprine WJ-MSCs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Stem cells ، Nanocomposite ، Graphene oxide ، Iron oxide ، Nanotoxicity