THE EFFECT OF 5A SELF-MANAGEMENT MODEL ON THE NUTRITIONAL BEHAVIOR MODIFICATIONS IN OVERWEIGHT PREGNANT WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY

Background and Aim: Maternal overweight and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are major short- and long-term risk factors for maternal and fetal complications. We aimed to investigate whether a nutritional intervention based on 5A self-management model can improve dietary habits, and reduce GWG in overweight pregnant women.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 120 overweight pregnant women referred to health centers of Urmia during 2015-2016, were randomly assigned into 2 groups: the intervention group received face to face nutritional and lifestyle education based on 5A self-management model in 5 steps (Ask, Assess, Advice, Agree, Assist), and the control group received routine prenatal care. Nutritional intakes and GWG were evaluated and followed up for 3 months via 7-day food records and Food Frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, X2, and ANCOVA. P<0.05 was considered significant.Socio-demographic features were similar between the two groups at baseline. We found a significant reduction of GWG in the intervention group (5.76 kg) compared with the control group (7.86 kg) (P < 0.001). Compared to the control group, in the intervention group, significant differences occurred in nutritional behavior at 3 months after intervention (P < 0.01), intake of meat, fruits, vegetables were increased, and the intake of sugar, and fats, specifically saturated fat intake was decreased. These changes in dietary intakes in the intervention group were significant in comparison with the control group.Conclusion: The 5A intervention model improved the nutritional behavior and reduced GWG of overweight women during pregnancy, and may be a promising counseling strategy to promote healthy weight gain during pregnancy.

کلیدواژه ها:

Overweight ، Nutritional behavior ، Pregnancy weight gain ، 5A model