DOES COCOA/DARK CHOCOLATE SUPPLEMENTATION HAVE FAVORABLE EFFECT ON BODY WEIGHT, BODY MASS INDEX AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, META-ANALYSIS AND DOSE-RESPONSE OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS

Background and Aim: Cocoa and dark chocolate (DC) have been reported to be effective for health promotion; however the exact effect of cocoa/DC on anthropometric measures have not been yet defined.Methods: A comprehensive search to identify randomized clinical trials investigating the impact of cocoa/ DC on body weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) was performed up to December 2017. A meta-analysis of eligible studies was performed using random effects model to estimate pooled effect size. Fractional polynominal modeling was used to explore dose-response relationships.Results: total of 35 RCTs investigated the effects of cocoa/DC on weight, BMI and WC were included.Meta-analysis did not suggest any significant effect of cocoa/DC supplementation on body weight ( 0.108 kg, 95% CI 0.262, 0.046 P D 0.168), BMI ( 0.014 kg/m2 95% CI 0.105, 0.077, P: 0.759,) and WC (0.025 cm 95% CI 0.083, 0.129, P D 0.640). Subgroup analysis revealed that that weight and BMI were reduced with cocoa/DC supplementation 30 g chocolate per day in trials between 4-8 weeks. Cocoa/DC consumption resulted in WC reduction in non-linear fashion (r D 0.042, P-nonlinearity D 0.008).Conclusion: Cocoa/DC supplementation does not reduce anthropometric measures significantly. However, subgroup analysis regarding dose (30 g/day) and duration (between 4 to 8 weeks) revealed significant reduction of body weight and BMI.

کلیدواژه ها:

Body Weight ، anthropometry ، cacao ، chocolate ، meta-analysis