PEANUT AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Background and Aim: Several studies have been conducted on the relationship between peanut consumption and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors. However, the findings are inconsistent. The aim of this review is to summarize the findings on the association between peanut and the risk factors of CVDs.Methods: We used relevant keywords and searched through PubMed and Scopus for articles published studies up to March 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this meta-analysis. Random or fixed-effects meta-analysis method depending on the results of heterogeneity tests was used to estimate the effect size. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by Q test and I2 index. Subgroup analysis was conducted to find any excess relationship. Publication bias was checked by Egger s test and funnel plot. Quality of studies was assessed using the Jadad scale.Results: According to the results of 13 RCTs, peanuts has no significant effect on weight(WMD: -0.11kg, P=0.773), waist circumference (WMD: -1.41cm,P=0.139), body mass index(WMD: -0.14kg/m2, P=0.428), systolic and diastolic blood pressure(WMD: -0.09mmHg, P=0.939and WMD: 0.60mmHg, P=0.652, respectively), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(WMD: -3.31mg/dl, P=0.472), triglyceride(WMD:-7.59mg/dl, P=0.180), total cholesterol(WMD:3.15mg/dl, P=0.171), fasting blood sugar(WMD:0.57mg/dl, P=0.604) and serum insulin (WMD:-0.40, P=0.582). Also, this meta-analysis showed that peanut has a positive significant effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (WMD: 2.72mg/dl, P=0.001).Conclusion: : Peanuts consumption has a positive significant effect on HDL especially at the type of peanut oil, high-oleic peanut and peanut sprout and in healthy subjects and for consumption more than 12 weeks, while has no significant effect on other CVDs risk factors.

کلیدواژه ها:

Peanut ، Cardiovascular risk factors ، Lipid profile ، Meta-analysis