IMPROVED NUTRITIONAL QUALITY FOR BETTER HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION

سال انتشار: 1397
محل انتشار: سومین کنگره بین المللی و پانزدهمین کنگره تغذیه ایران
کد COI اختصاصی: INC15_045
زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
تعداد مشاهده: 392

نویسندگان

Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria

چکیده

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, and diabetes mellitus are currently the leading death cause worldwide and they are strongly linked to obesity and unhealthy nutrition. Diet quality therefore plays a central part in their prevention and treatment.The fatty acid and carbohydrate composition of the diet is a major influencing factor on cardiovascular health and glucose metabolism. Replacement of saturated and trans-monounsaturated fatty acids as well as isolated sugars that are abundant in highly processed and animal-derived foods, by cis-monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially of the n-3 variant, has shown positive effects on the blood lipid profile and is protective against CVDs.A fibre-rich diet that prevents excessive weight gain has also been related to a lower CVD and diabetes prevalence.A high salt intake may contribute to hypertension that is another important risk factor for CVDs and other NCDs, calling for a reduction of the current high salt content of processed foods.The development and progression of many CVDs and DNA damage is also caused by the harmful contribution of oxidative stress that can be mitigated by nutritional antioxidants. However, interactions between nutrition and the genome are not confined to antioxidative protection. More recently, the role of other micronutrients and many dietary components in gene regulation has been unveiled offering new opportunities for health promotion and disease prevention. Besides their supply with the diet, micronutrients can be used in concentrated form as supplements to improve their bioavailability and efficiently target deficiencies of single micronutrients.Nevertheless, an optimal supply of nutrients and non-nutritive bioactive components is best obtained from a varied plant-based diet of marginally processed foods providing a wide array of substances while preventing excessive intakes.

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