Mehrdad Ghahramani - Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz, Iran
Morteza Nazari-Heris - Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz, Iran
Kazem Zare - Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz, Iran
Behnam Mohammadi Ivatloo - Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz, Iran

— Energy storage systems (ESSs) are introduced as practical solution for handling issues prepared by intermittent nature and high penetration of renewable energy sources. On the other hand, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are introduced as the significant technologies of future distribution networks. This paper aims to study the role of PEVs and fuel cell as ESSs in electric distribution networks. The optimal management of PEVs and fuel cell is obtained by minimizing the operation cost of the network. The IEEE 33 -bus distribution system is selected as case study including power generation units in order to obtain optimal generation scheduling of the production units with minimum operation cost. The effect of presence of both PEVs parking lot and fuel cell as energy storage systems are investigated.

distribution network, fuel cell, plug-in electric vehicle, demand response program, wind turbine