Maternal Factors and the Infants with Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate: a Case-Control Study

Oral clefts are the most common congenital abnormalities that have various causes. The aim of this study was to investigate maternal factors influencing the event of this disease among newborns. This study was a case-control research. To investigate the effects of maternal factors on cleft lip and palate, medical records of 26 infants with cleft lip and palate as well as those of 52 healthy infants without this abnormality born in Qamar Bani Hashem Hospital in Khoy city during 2013 to 2015 were studied. The required data was collected through interviews with the infants’ mothers and reviewing their medical records and was then analyzed using SPSS software version 16. McNemar test and conditional logistic regression were used for data analysis. The odds ratio of having a baby with cleft lip and cleft palate among mothers with a history of smoking in the family, use of cosmetics, being over 30 years of age, low birth weight, use of psychiatric drugs, use of antibiotics and analgesics and consanguineous marriage and family history of the disease were respectively 3/02 (P-value = 0.024), 2/4 (P-value = 0.047), 3/6 (P-value = 0.044), 3/7 (P-value = 0.031), 2/7 (P-value = 0.041), 3/2 (P-value = 0.011) and 3/8 (P-value = 0.015) times as much as the mothers of healthy infants. Lifestyle modification is one of the important factors that can play an effective role in the prevention of cleft lip and cleft palate. Taking into account the maternal personal and environmental factors in developing cleft lip and cleft palate and the inclusion of preventive programs in prenatal maternal care programs may prevent or reduce the incidence of this disease.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cleft lip and palate ، case control ، Maternal Factors