THE STUDY AND IDENTIFICATION OF DETERIORATING FUNGI ON DOCUMENTS IN GOLESTAN PALACE

Background and Aim:Paper works are an important part of the cultural , artistic and social history of human societies,and many of these papers are lost every year due to biological damage. For this reason, the prevention of these changes, is one of the most important duties of protectors. Fungi are the most important microrganisms in degradation of cellulose based products. Fungi can produce and release a wide variety of enzymes, pigments and acids, as well as the ability to live and grow in low moisture. This study was conducted to identify cellulose degrading fung in Golsetan Palace documents. In external environments mushrooms and lichens are the most important destructive factors of historical habitates and sculptures made of rock,mortar and gypsum.Methods:Sampling from contaminated documents was carried out using conventional deionised water and sterilized swab method and transferred to PDA( Potato Dextrose Agar) medium and in laboratory was kept in incubator at a temperature of 25+_ 3 and identify with the help of reference books.Results:The results show that the degrading fungi of the contaminated documents are penicillium chrysogenum, P.digitatum,alternaria alternata,cladosporium cladosporioides.Conclusion:The best strategy for protecting contaminated documents is prevention.the internal climate conditoins, which are indicated by temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity are important factors for the growth of the fungus It is recommended to prevent fungal contamination in control centers to control the air condition and and clean the documents repeateadly.

کلیدواژه ها:

Deteriorating fungi ، Documents ، Identification ، Golestan palace