Mirna-142 and mirna-155 and their pathogenesis in gastric maltoma. (a systematic review)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of (20–25 nucleotides) that can function as endogenous silencers of target genes in post-transcriptional level and interfere in cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. So they have critical roles in human malignancies. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma), which is an extra-nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma is alow-grade lymphoma determined by pathological findings such as lymphoepithelial lesions. The stomach is the most common site of MALToma. Chronic gastritis with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)is a high-risk factor for gastric MALToma. Hence, the aim of this review is evaluating the expression of miRNA-142 and miRNA-155 and their pathogenesis in gastric MALToma.The PubMed, Elsevier andgoogle scholar databases were searched by using (microRNA or miRNA) and (MALToma or MALT lymphoma OR gastric MALToma) and gastric cancer keywords. Original and review articles were checked. Also, a reference list of articles was searched to reduce the possibility of missing any relevant papers. Finally,16 articles were reviewed.The way of identifying the miRNAs that play critical roles ingastric MALToma is miRNA microarray analysis. In all articles, the 2 oncogenic miRNAs, miR-142 and miR-155, which have key roles in B-cell malignancies, overexpressed. In many studies was observedthat the expression level of these two miRNAs is higher in patients with H. pylori resistance eradication than cases that response to H. pylori eradication with antibiotics. The studies on the animal model ofgastric MALToma, C57BL/6 mice, demonstrated the same evidence with human patients.Every certain miRNAs can regulate the expression of lots of genes, but 2 studies proved that the target gene for both miR-155 and miR-142 is a pro-apoptotic gene, TP53INP1 (Tumor Protein P53 Inducible Nuclear Protein 1). In the same studies, the TP53INP1 expression was significantly reduced in gastricMALToma cases by miR-142 and miR-155 overexpression.The level of miR-142 and miR-155 expression are related to clinical courses, inclusive prediction of the H. pylori eradication response.Repression of TP53INP1 gene leads to over-proliferation malignant cells. These findings suggested miR-142 and miR-155 potentially can be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target in MALToma

کلیدواژه ها:

Gastric Cancer ، Stomach Cancer ، Cancer Diagnosis ، Gene and Cancer ، Cell and Cancer ، Cancer Treatment and Management ، Targeted Cancer Therapy