Formation of Whisker-like Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Layers by Biomimetic Coating Procedure onAnodized Titanium

Hydroxyapatite coatings have been applied on the titanium implants to impart bioactivity and direct bone contact without fibrous encapsulation. The biomimetic coating procedure has been suggested to deposit a bone mineral- like apatite on titanium substrates. In this study, anodized titanium at different conditions was deposited through a biomimetic procedure using simulated body fluid. The deposition of apatite layer was accomplished by immersion of prepared substrates into two concentrated physiological solutions (3×SBF) with different concentrations magnesium and hydrogen carbonate ions. The coatings were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE−SEM). The results showed that the nanostructural porous surface of the anodized titanium was caused to form hydroxyapatite plates with a whisker-like surface morphology. The fibrous nature of apatite was confirmed by XRD results. IR results proved the carbonated apatite formation on the surfaces

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