M Ghorbanzadeh - Department of Architecture, University of Bojnourd, Iran
A Nezami - P.P.S co., Iran.

Iranian have had a insuperable connection with nature for a long time. They have provided various facilities to link architecture with nature and have made use of all capabilities of existing world to provide their own comfort.The so-called Internal and External Yards in Iranian traditional architecture is the feature with decorative trees, ponds & green environment. Gradual increase of population and introduction of modern architecture into Iran, houses with courtyards were replaced with high buildings and court yard tradition became a forgotten element in urban architecture. This development led to various problems in urban societies including sound, visual and environmental contamination, mental and psychological problems for the buildings inhabitants.Given that human revival and environment is relied on continuous connection with natural attractions, it is indicated that we need a sustainable green architecture for our today society, which is discussed in the world modern architecture as well.Courtyard brief history in traditional residences of Iran and Tehran are considered in this article. Then, we deal with the need to have natural green environment. Finally, the green roof is suggested as a pattern to resolve the problems of population concentration in Tehran as well as rising the cost of ground.

Iranian courtyard, Tehran traditional residence, Green design, Green roof