Milad Daneshvar - Electronics Components Industries Company-SAIRANShiraz-Iran
Malihe Hosseini - Electronics Components Industries Company-SAIRAN Shiraz-Iran

Over the years, phased array antennas have provided electronic scanning with high gain and low side lobe levels for many radar and satellite applications. A periodic arrays use variable spacing between antenna elements and generally require fewer elements than periodically spaced arrays to achieve similar far field pattern performance. This reduction in elements allows the array to be built at much lower cost than traditional phased arrays. Phased array antennas were designed to allow the antenna to electronically scan its main beam rather than mechanically scan. These arrays are groups of small antennas known as elements in which the relative phase between elements are varied such that the radiation pattern is reinforced in a desired direction and suppressed in undesired directions.

Phased Array, Antennas, A periodic, Optimization, Wideband, PSO