Association of Serum IL-۳۵ and TGF-β Levels with the Incidence, Severity, and Treatment Response in Iraqi Patients with Graves’ Disease

سال انتشار: 1404
محل انتشار: فصلنامه آسیب شناسی ایران، دوره: 20، شماره: 4
کد COI اختصاصی: JR_IJP-20-4_011
زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
تعداد مشاهده: 44

نویسندگان

Department of Laboratory Investigations, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq

چکیده

Background & Objective: Graves’ disease (GD) is a common autoimmune thyroid disorder characterized by thyroid hormone hypersecretion and autoantibody formation against the thyrotropin receptor (TRAb). Interleukin-۳۵ (IL-۳۵), a novel immunosuppressive cytokine of the IL-۱۲ family secreted primarily by regulatory T and B cells, has been implicated in the modulation of autoimmune responses. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a cytokine with immunoregulatory properties that plays a central role in T-regulatory cell differentiation. This study aimed to investigate serum IL-۳۵ and TGF-β levels in Iraqi patients with GD and assess their association with disease severity, clinical manifestations, and response to carbimazole therapy.Methods: A total of ۱۰۳ participants were enrolled, including ۶۶ patients with GD (mean age, ۴۱.۶ [SD, ۱۳.۹۵] years) and ۳۷ healthy controls (mean age, ۳۷.۴۳ [SD, ۱۰.۲۵] years). Serum IL-۳۵ and TGF-β concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: IL-۳۵ levels were significantly reduced in untreated GD patients compared with healthy controls and partially increased after carbimazole therapy (P < .۰۰۱). TGF-β levels were highest in untreated patients and declined after treatment (P < .۰۰۱). IL-۳۵ showed no correlation with FT۳, FT۴, or TRAb but was elevated in patients with disease duration longer than ۵ years (P = .۰۴۶) and in those with severe exophthalmos (P = .۰۳). TGF-β levels were inversely correlated with FT۳, FT۴, and TRAb (P < .۰۵) and were higher in carbimazole nonresponders and in patients with severe exophthalmos (P < .۰۵).Conclusion: IL-۳۵ may serve as a promising biomarker for monitoring disease activity, prognosis, and therapeutic response in patients with GD.

کلیدواژه ها

Graves’ disease, IL-۳۵, TGF-β, thyrotropin receptor antibody, carbimazole

اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد COI

COI مخفف عبارت CIVILICA Object Identifier به معنی شناسه سیویلیکا برای اسناد است. COI کدی است که مطابق محل انتشار، به مقالات کنفرانسها و ژورنالهای داخل کشور به هنگام نمایه سازی بر روی پایگاه استنادی سیویلیکا اختصاص می یابد.

کد COI به مفهوم کد ملی اسناد نمایه شده در سیویلیکا است و کدی یکتا و ثابت است و به همین دلیل همواره قابلیت استناد و پیگیری دارد.