Novel Therapies Against Glioblastoma: The Role of Oncolytic Virology

Glioblastoma, which is the most aggressive kind of malignant brain tumor, poses considerable therapeutic problems because of its fast development, complicated tumor microenvironment, and blood-brain barrier. Traditional treatments, including as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, frequently have little effectiveness, spurring the investigation of novel techniques that involve oncolytic virotherapy. In clinical studies, oncolytic viruses have showed promise for selectively targeting and destroying tumor cells while preserving organs in good condition. This review examines how oncolytic viruses such as vaccinia virus, can induce tumor cell lysis and change the tumor microenvironment from cold to hot, leading to improved immune response. The tumor microenvironment plays an essential role in glioblastoma growth and treatment resistance. This is frequently inhibiting immune responses through a variety of ways. Recent improvements in customized treatment, notably the utilization of ۳D cell culture techniques like organoids, provide a more precise simulation of the glioblastoma microenvironment. This allows researchers to personalize oncolytic viral therapeutics to specific patient characteristics, potentially increasing therapy success.

کلیدواژه ها:

oncolytic virus ، immunotherapy ، tumor microenvironment ، glioblastoma ، novel ، virus ، virotherapy ، cell culture ، cell ، ۲D cell culture ، ۳D cell culture