Integrated Interdisciplinary One Health Surveillance Systems for Early Detection of Disease Spillovers: Pandemic Preparedness and Outbreak Investigation

The rising number of zoonotic spillover events highlights the imperative need for comprehensive surveillance networks with a One Health framework. Such networks would track and detect the linked patterns of health in humans, animals, and the environment to stop and shorten outbreaks at the point of origin. This narrative review focuses on the role of the One Health framework by searching keywords such as 'One Health,' 'epidemiology,' 'zoonotic,' and 'surveillance' in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The review includes open-access English articles published between ۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۲۵. This paper reflects on the design, implementation, and challenges of integrated One Health surveillance systems, and highlights the importance of inter-professional cooperation, data-sharing platforms, and frontier technologies such as remote sensing, AI, and genomic sequencing for early spillover detection. Realistic case studies acknowledge success and areas for enhancement to enhance global resilience to emerging infectious threats.

کلیدواژه ها:

One Health ، Epidemiology ، Zoonotic ، Surveillance ، Veterinary