Tahereh Karimi shayan - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Arash Abdolmaleki - Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran.
asadollah asadi - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Hossein Hassanpour - Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahrekord University, Saman Road P.O.۱۱۵, Shahrekord, Iran.

Recurrent seizures characterize epilepsy, a category of neurological disorder. Epileptic seizures can result in sudden changes in brain electrical activity. Piracetam is a cyclic aminobutyric acid derivative with neuroprotective effects. We aimed to evaluate piracetam's neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, and anti-anxiety effects in the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure rat model. To assess piracetam's anticonvulsant properties in the PTZ seizure model, the experimental groups received Piracetam at ۳۰ or ۱۰۰ mg/kg. The positive control group received diazepam (۲ mg/kg), and the negative control group received only PTZ. Elevated plus maze and open field tests evaluated the anti-anxiety effects. The antioxidant effects of Piracetam on brain tissues were also examined. Open field test results revealed that crossing the line increased significantly in the Piracetam (۳۰ and ۱۰۰ mg/kg) and diazepam groups compared to the negative control group. In the plus maze test, the Piracetam groups showed more time spent in open arms than the control group. Also, diazepam significantly increased the time spent in open arms compared to the negative control group. Histological results showed structural changes in hippocampal neurons. Also, the antioxidant test showed Piracetam's antioxidant properties compared to the negative control group. Piracetam had anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects in PTZ epileptic rats and inhibited or reduced seizures. Also, it had anti-anxiety and sedative effects. Neuroprotective effects of Piracetam may be due to the control of neurotransmitters such as cholinergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, and glutamatergic systems. Piracetam might have neuroprotective, anti-epileptic, anti-anxiety, and antioxidant properties in PTZ epileptic rats. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results.

Antioxidant, epilepsy, Piracetam, Plus Maze