Parvin Ramak - Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran
Vahid Karimian - Department of Forest, Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional and phytochemical changes of A. jesdianum leaves on different planting dates. Materials and methods: The same wild bulbs were cultivated in the October/January ۲۰۱۷ and harvested  on ۲۵ April, ۲۰۱۸. Essential oils were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC)and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Also, total protein, vitamin C, non-structural sugars, antioxidant activity and nutritional elements of the shoots were measured. Findings: The main compounds of the leaf essential oil in October, November, December and January were Dimethyl trisulfide (۱۲.۱۱%, ۱۵.۱%, ۱۲.۴% and ۱۰.۲%). The results showed that the morphological traits of A. jesdianum in different planting dates have a significant difference(P > ۰.۰۵). The highest germination (۶۸.۳۳%), shoot height (۳۱.۳۳ cm), root leagth (۱۶.۳۳ cm), aerial dry weight (۳.۵۰ g), bulb diameter (۳.۷۶ cm), bulb fresh weight (۱۲.۶۶ g), bulb dry weight (۶.۴۰ g), leaf length (۲۴.۴ cm) and leaf width (۱.۴۳ cm) were recorded in November plants. As well as bulbs cultivated in November had the highest , amount of potassium (۱۳.۷ mg.g-۱ DW), iron (۲.۵ μg.g-۱ DW), copper (۰.۴۳ μg.g-۱ DW), zinc (۲.۱ μg.g-۱ DW) and manganese (۲ μg.g-۱ DW) compared to other planting dates. The highest amount of vitamin C (۸۶.۳۳ mg.۱۰۰g-۱ FW), antioxidant potency (IC۵۰=۳۷.۰۰ μg.mL-۱ , phenolic (۷۷.۰۰ mg galic acid.۱۰۰ mg-۱ DW), flavonol (۶۶.۶۶ mg rutin.۱۰۰ mg-۱ DW), and flavonoid (۱۳۶.۳۳ mg rutin.۱۰۰ mg-۱ DW) were obtained in the planted samples in November.

Allium jesdianum, Morphology, Nutritional elements, Planting date, Gas chromatography mass spectrometry.