Anju Poonia - Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ludhiana, India
Deepak Tiwari - Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
Sandeep Sahara - Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
Neeraj Arora - Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
Gaurav Kumar - Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rampura Phul, India
Tarun Kumar - Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India

Cardiovascular and respiratory alterations during anesthesia are of major concern in canines. Thus, it is essential to understand the potential depressant effects of anesthetic drugs on cardio-vascular system; so that, anesthetic procedures are conducted in the best possible way. The objective of the study was to assess and compare the echocardiographic indices during dex-medetomidine and midazolam anesthesia in dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Twenty-eight female dogs brought to the department for elective ovariohysterectomy were randomly divided into two groups comprising of ۱۴ each. Sedation was achieved with dex-medetomidine and GMID. Physiological parameters and echocardiographic indices were evaluated before drug administration (T۰), after ۱۰ min of sedation (T۱), after induction (T۲) and at the end of surgery (T۳) in both groups. Heart rate was significantly higher at T۱, T۲ and T۳; while, rectal temperature was significantly lower at T۳ in GMID compared to the GDEX. There was a significant decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output values at T۱ and then, a significant increase at T۲; whereas, there was a non-significant decrease at T۳ in both groups. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening values decreased significantly at T۱, increased significantly at T۲ and then, decreased significantly at the end of surgery (T۳). Dexmedetomidine-ketamine and midazolam-ketamine combinations provide better hemodynamic and respiratory stability in the dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Systolic functions were minimally altered with GMID compared to GDEX. Thus, GMID is more cardio stable compared to GDEX.

Dexmedetomidine, Dogs, Echocardiography, Ketamine, Midazolam