Farzad Bazdidi-Tehrani - Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran
Pouya Rafiei - M.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran

Natural ventilation is an energy-efficient method that aids in discharging contaminants from indoor air in buildings. In recent years, research on the use of window equipment in natural ventilation has gained popularity, given the cost-effectiveness and adaptability of these devices to create various flow patterns. This paper employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the flow field and distribution of gaseous pollutant in a naturally cross-ventilated building. A three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method has utilized for this purpose. Three different window equipment types, namely, pivot window, top-hung window, and rooftop hatch have evaluated to define the merits and drawbacks of their application in cross-ventilation. Both the pivot window and top-hung window enhance the velocity of incoming jet. However, pollutant accumulation has observed in certain regions of these configurations. A rooftop hatch can create an effective ventilation system. Nevertheless, the low velocity in this system results in high pollutant concentrations.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Natural Cross-Ventilation, Flow Field, Pollutant Concentration Distribution, Window Equipment